name: programming-swift
description: The complete Swift Programming Language book by Apple, covering syntax, features, concurrency, and the formal language reference.

The Swift Programming Language (6.2.3)

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Documentation Structure

Welcome to Swift

• About Swift (GuidedTour/AboutSwift.md): Understand the high-level goals of the language.
• Version Compatibility (GuidedTour/Compatibility.md): Learn what functionality is available in older language modes.
• A Swift Tour (GuidedTour/GuidedTour.md): Explore the features and syntax of Swift.

Language Guide

• The Basics (LanguageGuide/TheBasics.md): Work with common kinds of data and write basic syntax.
• Basic Operators (LanguageGuide/BasicOperators.md): Perform operations like assignment, arithmetic, and comparison.
• Strings and Characters (LanguageGuide/StringsAndCharacters.md): Store and manipulate text.
• Collection Types (LanguageGuide/CollectionTypes.md): Organize data using arrays, sets, and dictionaries.
• Control Flow (LanguageGuide/ControlFlow.md): Structure code with branches, loops, and early exits.
• Functions (LanguageGuide/Functions.md): Define and call functions, label their arguments, and use their return values.
• Closures (LanguageGuide/Closures.md): Group code that executes together, without creating a named function.
• Enumerations (LanguageGuide/Enumerations.md): Model custom types that define a list of possible values.
• Structures and Classes (LanguageGuide/ClassesAndStructures.md): Model custom types that encapsulate data.
• Properties (LanguageGuide/Properties.md): Access stored and computed values that are part of an instance or type.
• Methods (LanguageGuide/Methods.md): Define and call functions that are part of an instance or type.
• Subscripts (LanguageGuide/Subscripts.md): Access the elements of a collection.
• Inheritance (LanguageGuide/Inheritance.md): Subclass to add or override functionality.
• Initialization (LanguageGuide/Initialization.md): Set the initial values for a type's stored properties and perform one-time setup.
• Deinitialization (LanguageGuide/Deinitialization.md): Release resources that require custom cleanup.
• Optional Chaining (LanguageGuide/OptionalChaining.md): Access members of an optional value without unwrapping.
• Error Handling (LanguageGuide/ErrorHandling.md): Respond to and recover from errors.
• Concurrency (LanguageGuide/Concurrency.md): Perform asynchronous operations.
• Macros (LanguageGuide/Macros.md): Use macros to generate code at compile time.
• Type Casting (LanguageGuide/TypeCasting.md): Determine a value's runtime type and give it more specific type information.
• Nested Types (LanguageGuide/NestedTypes.md): Define types inside the scope of another type.
• Extensions (LanguageGuide/Extensions.md): Add functionality to an existing type.
• Protocols (LanguageGuide/Protocols.md): Define requirements that conforming types must implement.
• Generics (LanguageGuide/Generics.md): Write code that works for multiple types and specify requirements for those types.
• Opaque and Boxed Protocol Types (LanguageGuide/OpaqueTypes.md): Hide implementation details about a value's type.
• Automatic Reference Counting (LanguageGuide/AutomaticReferenceCounting.md): Model the lifetime of objects and their relationships.
• Memory Safety (LanguageGuide/MemorySafety.md): Structure your code to avoid conflicts when accessing memory.
• Access Control (LanguageGuide/AccessControl.md): Manage the visibility of code by declaration, file, and module.
• Advanced Operators (LanguageGuide/AdvancedOperators.md): Define custom operators, perform bitwise operations, and use builder syntax.

Language Reference

• About the Language Reference (ReferenceManual/AboutTheLanguageReference.md): Read the notation that the formal grammar uses.
• Lexical Structure (ReferenceManual/LexicalStructure.md): Use the lowest-level components of the syntax.
• Types (ReferenceManual/Types.md): Use built-in named and compound types.
• Expressions (ReferenceManual/Expressions.md): Access, modify, and assign values.
• Statements (ReferenceManual/Statements.md): Group expressions and control the flow of execution.
• Declarations (ReferenceManual/Declarations.md): Introduce types, operators, variables, and other names and constructs.
• Attributes (ReferenceManual/Attributes.md): Add information to declarations and types.
• Patterns (ReferenceManual/Patterns.md): Match and destructure values.
• Generic Parameters and Arguments (ReferenceManual/GenericParametersAndArguments.md): Generalize declarations to abstract away concrete types.
• Summary of the Grammar (ReferenceManual/SummaryOfTheGrammar.md): Read the whole formal grammar.

Revision History

• Document Revision History (RevisionHistory/RevisionHistory.md): Review the recent changes to this book.

Usage Notes

• Documentation is organized progressively from getting started to advanced topics
• Start with the Introduction or Getting Started section
• Consult specific guides for detailed information

License & Attribution

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